Spinal Hardware Explained: Rods, Screws, Cages & Plates — What They Do

    January 8, 2026

    Spinal surgery often involves more than addressing nerves or discs—it may also require specialized hardware to stabilize, support, and protect the spine as it heals. At IGEA Brain, Spine & Orthopedics, advanced spinal instrumentation is used to restore alignment, relieve pain, and promote long-term stability.

    Understanding the purpose of spinal hardware can help patients feel more confident and informed about their treatment plan.

    What Is Spinal Hardware?

    Spinal hardware refers to medical-grade implants used during spine surgery to stabilize the spine, correct deformities, and support fusion. These devices hold vertebrae in the proper position while bones heal and fuse together.

    Most spinal hardware is made from titanium or other biocompatible materials designed to be strong, durable, and well-tolerated by the body.

    Common Types of Spinal Hardware

    Rods

    Spinal rods are long, thin metal supports attached to screws to help maintain proper spinal alignment. They are commonly used to:

    • Stabilize the spine after decompression or fusion surgery
    • Correct spinal curvature (such as scoliosis or kyphosis)
    • Reduce abnormal movement that causes pain

    Rods act as a framework that holds the spine in place during healing.

    Screws (Pedicle Screws)

    Pedicle screws are placed into specific parts of the vertebrae to anchor rods and other hardware. They:

    • Provide strong fixation and stability
    • Help correct spinal alignment
    • Allow precise control of spinal positioning

    These screws are a key component of modern spinal fusion procedures.

    Cages (Interbody Spacers)

    Spinal cages are placed between vertebrae after disc removal. They:

    • Restore proper disc height
    • Maintain spacing between vertebrae
    • Promote bone growth and fusion

    Cages may be filled with bone graft material to encourage natural fusion over time.

    Plates

    Plates are flat metal devices often used in cervical (neck) spine surgery. They:

    • Provide additional stability
    • Secure screws and grafts in place
    • Help prevent movement during healing

    Plates are commonly used in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) procedures.

    Why Spinal Hardware Is Used

    Spinal hardware plays a critical role in successful surgical outcomes by:

    • Stabilizing the spine after surgery
    • Reducing pain caused by abnormal movement
    • Supporting proper spinal alignment
    • Increasing the success rate of spinal fusion

    In many cases, hardware remains in place permanently and does not need to be removed.

    Is Spinal Hardware Permanent?

    For most patients, spinal hardware is designed to remain in place long-term. Removal is uncommon and typically only considered if:

    • Hardware causes irritation or discomfort
    • Infection develops
    • Healing is complete and hardware is no longer needed

    Your surgeon will discuss whether removal is ever necessary based on your specific condition.